Exploring Genetic Diversity and Relatedness among Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Landraces Across Varied germplasm for agro-morphological Characterization

Kifayatullah Khalil; Ghulam Mujtaba Shah; Asif Javed; Mehrin; Fazal Raziq; Muhammad Zubair

Exploring Genetic Diversity and Relatedness among Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Landraces Across Varied germplasm for agro-morphological Characterization

Authors

Kifayatullah Khalil Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan.
Ghulam Mujtaba Shah Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan.
Asif Javed Principal Scientific Officer BCI (PGRP), NARC Islamabad, Pakistan.
Mehrin Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan.
Fazal Raziq Livestock and Dairy Development (Extension), KPK-Pakistan. dDepartment of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
Muhammad Zubair Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan.

Keywords:

Barley, Landraces Across, Plant height, Spike density, Seed size and weight

Abstract

Barley (Hordeum vulgare) stands as a fundamental cereal crop with immense economic and agricultural significance globally. Understanding the genetic diversity and relatedness among barley landraces is crucial for effective conservation, utilization, and improvement of this vital crop. In this study, we explored the genetic diversity and relatedness among barley landraces collected from diverse ecological regions across Pakistan. A comprehensive evaluation of agro-morphological characters was conducted, focusing on traits such as plant height, number of tillers per plant, spike density, and seed yield. Our results revealed significant variances among accessions for these traits, with moderate to high coefficients of variation indicating substantial genetic diversity within the studied germplasm. The classification of spike density into lax, intermediate, and dense categories further highlighted the complexity of trait expression. These findings underscore the importance of leveraging genetic diversity in barley breeding programs to develop improved varieties with enhanced productivity and resilience. Future research should delve deeper into the genetic mechanisms underlying trait variation and genotype-by-environment interactions to optimize breeding strategies and address the challenges of global food security and sustainability.

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