Efficacy of EUSOL, Neem, and TCDO in Full-Thickness Wound Healing: Histological and Hematological Assessment in Rabbits

Abstract

Treatment of wound focuses on Promoting, Preventing infection, rapid healing, minimizing Pain and adverse consequences. Conventional treatment is associated high cost which in most of the cases remains beyond the capacity of poor people. Current trial designed to evaluate the comparative healing efficiency of Tetrachlorodecaoxide (TCDO), Neem and Eusol solution against full thickness wounds. Fifty male rabbits aged 8–10 weeks, weighing 1500 ± 20 g, were randomly divided into five groups (G1–G5), with ten rabbits each. The animals were housed under controlled conditions (25 ± 2°C, 40–60% humidity, 12-hour light/dark cycle) in individual metal cages. Two full-thickness wounds (2 cm × 2 cm each) were created on either side of the rabbits using a No. 11 scalpel blade and scissors. Group G1 served as the negative control (placebo treatment), while G2 was the positive control (normal saline). Groups G3, G4, and G5 were treated with Tetrachlorodecaoxide (TCDO), Neem oil, and Eusol, respectively, applied twice daily. Wound healing was evaluated based on contraction rate and hematological parameters (assessed on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28). Histopathological analysis was conducted post-biopsy at the study's conclusion. Statistical analysis revealed that TCDO (G3) promoted faster wound healing by day 14 compared to Neem oil (G4) and Eusol (G5), which showed similar results by day 21. The positive control (G2) exhibited slower healing. Hematological parameters—including RBC count, MCV, MCH, platelets, and WBCs—differed significantly (p < 0.05) in TCDO, Neem oil, and Eusol groups compared to G2 on days 7–28. Notably, RBCs (p < 0.01), MCV (p < 0.001), MCH (p < 0.001), platelets (p < 0.001), and WBCs (p < 0.001) showed highly significant improvements in all treatment groups versus G2. Histopathological examination indicated superior epithelialization, fibrosis, and angiogenesis in TCDO and Eusol groups, confirming their enhanced wound-healing efficacy. In conclusion, Tetrachlorodecaoxide (TCDO) application showed more rapid recovery as compared to EUSOL and Neem oil.